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A set of dynamical systems. Top left: a cellular automaton. Top center: Exterior billiards. Top right a constrained 3-body problem. Bottom left a Poincare section of a Standard map (chaos arise in the dotted regions). Middle bottom: a chaotic Dynamical billiards (a symptom of chaos here are the trajectories filling the configuration space). Bottom right: A geodesic flow such as light on a surface, trajectories are geodesics i.e. minimum paths, in this case the phase space is a torus (stable orbits arise when the periods are rational, if irrational that is a path to chaos).

力学系時間とともに変化するシステムの数学的記述

力学系カオス理論分岐理論ポアンカレ写像
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