Demographics of Cape Verde

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Demographics of Cape Verde
Population pyramid of Cape Verde in 2020
Population596,707 (2022 est.)
Growth rate1.21% (2022 est.)
Birth rate18.49 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy73.75 years
 • male71.41 years
 • female76.15 years
Fertility rate2.13 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate23.53 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate-0.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years27.95%
65 and over5.48%
Sex ratio
Total0.95 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth1.03 male(s)/female
Under 151.01 male(s)/female
65 and over0.52 male(s)/female
Nationality
NationalityCabo Verdean or Cape Verdean
Language
OfficialPortuguese
SpokenCape Verde Creole

Demographic features of the population of Cape Verde include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Cape Verde has about 540,000 inhabitants. A large proportion (236,000) of Cape Verdeans live on the main island, Santiago.[1] Many more live abroad in the Cape Verdean diaspora in mainland Africa, Europe, U.S., Brazil, et cetera.

The archipelago of Cape Verde was first discovered and claimed by Portuguese sailors working for the Portuguese Crown in 1456. Cape Verdeans are West African. Many foreigners from other parts of the world settled in Cape Verde as their permanent country.

Two Cape Verdean children playing

The difficulty of survival in a country with few natural resources has historically induced Cape Verdeans to emigrate. In fact, of the more than 1 million people of Cape Verdean ancestry in the world, only a little more than one-third actually live on the islands. Some 500,000 people of Cape Verdean ancestry live in the United States, mainly in New England. Many people of Cape Verdean ancestry also live in Portugal, Netherlands, France, Italy and Senegal. Cape Verdean populations also settled Spain, Germany, Canada, and other CPLP countries (Angola, Brazil and Guinea-Bissau). Since independence from Portugal in 1975, a number of Cape Verdean students have continued to be admitted every year to Portuguese high schools, polytechnical institutes and universities, through bilateral agreements between the Portuguese and Cape Verdean governments.

Portuguese functions as a state language. Virtually all formal documents and official declarations are in Portuguese. But it is not the first language. Cape Verdean, commonly called Kriolu, is spoken as a mother tongue by virtually all Cape Verdeans, irrespective of social status or religious affiliation. Moreover, historical linguists often attribute Cape Verdean Creole as the oldest "New World" contact language. It is a "contact" language in the sense that it was born and evolved between linguistically different groups who, by necessity, had to create a common language to communicate with each other. There is a rich repertoire of literature and songs in Cape Verdean Creole. In religion, the majority of Cape Verdeans follow Catholic Christianity. There are some Protestants, Baháʼís and Muslims.

Population

[edit]
Demographics of Cape Verde, Data of FAO, year 2005; Number of inhabitants in thousands.
Census population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1940181,740—    
1950149,984−1.90%
1960199,902+2.91%
1970270,999+3.09%
1980295,703+0.88%
1990341,491+1.45%
2000431,989+2.38%
2010491,875+1.31%
2021491,233−0.01%
Source: [2]

According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] the total population was 587,925 in 2021, compared to only 178,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 31.8%, 62.3% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 5.9% was 65 years or older.[5]

Progression of the population
YearTotalAges 0–14 (%)Ages 15–64 (%)Ages 65+ (%)
1950178,00032.659.87.6
1955195,00035.857.96.2
1960211,00042.153.24.8
1965240,00048.547.34.2
1970274,00048.247.84
1975311,00045.849.64.6
1980300,00046.048.75.3
1985328,00044.550.55
1990348,00045.449.84.8
1995395,00044.550.55
2000437,00041.752.95.3
2005473,00037.057.25.8
2010496,00031.862.35.9
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 16.VI.2010):[6]
Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total243 403248 280491 683100
0–425 13125 06950 20010.21
5–925 16825 04050 20810.21
10–1427 86427 36155 22511.23
15–1929 65529 40559 06012.01
20–2427 32725 57852 90510.76
25–2923 33621 00544 3419.02
30–3418 16516 33934 5047.02
35–3914 10613 13027 2365.54
40–4412 98813 30326 2915.35
45–4911 34712 16523 5124.78
50–548 1629 99918 1613.69
55–594 9477 19612 1432.47
60–642 6133 5806 1931.26
65–692 4993 7166 2151.26
70–743 4375 2298 6661.76
75–792 9804 4537 4331.51
80–842 0923 1855 2771.07
85–898271 3582 1850.44
90–943776961 0730.22
95+1723254970.10
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–1478 16377 470155 63331.65
15–64152 646151 700304 34661.90
65+12 38418 96231 3466.38
Unknown2101483580.07
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Data refer to national projections.):[7]
Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total281 533275 324556 857100
0–426 73925 52452 2649.39
5–926 16224 97351 1359.18
10–1425 26225 38950 6519.10
15–1923 73423 48347 2188.48
20–2423 95522 46146 4168.34
25–2928 15926 01554 1739.73
30–3428 60324 99553 5979.62
35–3924 11120 48444 5958.01
40–4418 73815 92334 6606.22
45–4914 04312 78026 8224.82
50–5412 28212 69324 9744.48
55–5910 43711 55721 9943.95
60–647 1259 22616 3512.94
65–694 0806 40210 4821.88
70–742 0502 9555 0060.90
75–791 7222 7724 4940.81
80–842 0373 4965 5330.99
85–891 4432 3893 8330.69
90–946821 2491 9310.35
95+1705607300.13
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–1478 16375 886154 04927.66
15–64191 186179 615370 80166.59
65+12 18419 82332 0075.75
Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 16.VI.2021): [8]
Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
Total246 363244 870491 233100
0–423 11122 42945 5409.27
5–923 53323 08646 6199.49
10–1423 80922 77146 5809.48
15–1921 90320 40142 3048.61
20–2420 39118 15938 5507.85
25–2922 48121 66544 1468.99
30–3422 55221 68144 2339.00
35–3919 21718 10537 3227.60
40–4415 82014 25930 0796.12
45–4912 26911 34723 6164.81
50–5411 25711 22422 4814.58
55–5910 00110 68220 6834.21
60–647 5368 76516 3013.32
65–694 4966 51011 0062.24
70–742 3473 2795 6261.15
75–791 6852 8424 5270.92
80–841 8393 4045 2431.07
85–891 2572 4733 7300.76
90–946481 3161 9640.40
95+2114726831.39
Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
0–1470 45368 286138 73928.24
15–64163 427156 288319 71565.08
65+12 48320 29632 7796.67

Vital statistics

[edit]

Vital events of Cape Verde are not (yet) available for recent years. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[5]

PeriodLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR*CDR*NC*TFR*IMR*
1950–19559 0004 0005 00049.022.626.36.57139
1955–196010 0004 0005 00048.021.126.96.76132
1960–196510 0004 0006 00045.018.726.36.97125
1965–197011 0004 0006 00041.416.425.06.97117
1970–197512 0004 0008 00041.113.427.76.8696
1975–198013 0004 0009 00041.611.630.06.6278
1980–198513 0003 00010 00041.310.331.06.1065
1985–199014 0003 00011 00040.99.231.75.6354
1990–199514 0003 00011 00036.57.928.64.9344
1995–200013 0003 00010 00031.66.724.94.1537
2000–200512 0003 0009 00026.25.820.53.2828
2005–201011 0003 0008 00021.95.216.72.6021
* CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

Registered births and deaths

[edit]

[9][10]

YearPopulationLive birthsDeathsNatural increaseCrude birth rateCrude death rateRate of natural increaseTFR
19483,756
19493,9043,641263
19505,3222,5622,760
19517,3672,3774,990
19527,6472,4555,192
19537,5972,8664,731
19548,6973,3055,392
19558,5472,2206,327
19568,3772,2006,177
19578,2372,7905,447
19589,0262,5526,474
19599,6092,3827,227
19608,9543,1275,827
19618,3192,5435,776
19628,9522,4526,500
19639,6712,9966,675
19649,7832,3157,468
19659,6382,3777,261
19669,6212,1677,454
196710,1902,5937,597
196810,1312,3977,734
19699,6713,4526,219
19709,3792,8836,496
19719,4934,1475,346
19728,9662,7796,187
19738,4183,5134,905
19748,4922,5765,916
19758,2102,7965,414
19769,8632,8696,994
19779,9652,5647,401
197810,0603,2076,853
19798,2892,4695,820
19809,6502,0807,570
19818,580
198211,0662,1698,897
198311,4382,6498,789
198411,6962,8638,833
198511,2822,7358,547
198612,636
198712,771
198812,443
1989
19909,6692,5057,164
199112,2892,6169,673
19929,6712,8436,828
19932,821
1994
1995386,8133,5209.1
1996393,4782,7156.9
1997406,2673,0477.5
1998413,38215,4602,81112,6496.8
1999426,0612,8126.6
2000436,82112,7462,43310,31329.25.623.64.00
2001445,03512,5502,39610,15428.25.422.8
2002452,19812,3452,3959,95027.35.322.0
2003460,83712,1202,6009,52026.35.620.7
2004468,85411,8622,5229,34025.35.419.9
2005478,16311,5542,4239,13124.35.119.2
2006487,1219,7652,6127,15320.75.415.32.443
2007491,41910,4212,4847,93721.85.216.62.575
2008499,79610,1652,6837,48221.05.515.52.429
2009485,6779,9622,5837,37920.45.315.12.334
2010477,85910,5682,3528,21622.14.917.22.535
2011480,57710,7772,4888,28922.45.217.22.589
2012483,28510,0502,6107,44020.85.415.42.419
2013485,9969,8452,5187,32720.35.215.12.358
2014488,7199,8682,5287,34020.25.215.02.356
2015491,4369,7942,7617,03319.95.614.32.330
2016493,4659,9802,5917,38920.25.314.92.389
2017495,5229,9432,4977,44620.15.015.12.401
2018497,5589,5512,8366,71519.25.713.52.327
2019499,6099,2842,7716,51318.65.513.12.286
2020501,6579,2112,9596,25218.45.912.52.280
2021504,1258,6073,1785,42917.16.310.82.147
2022506,5957,9813,0324,94915.86.09.82.008
2023509,0786,7602,9253,83513.35.77.6
2024511,534

Demographic and Health Surveys

[edit]

Total fertility rate (TFR) (wanted fertility rate) and crude birth rate (CBR):[11]

YearCBR (Total)TFR (Total)CBR (Urban)TFR (Urban)CBR (Rural)TFR (Rural)
2005222,9 (2,8)232,7 (2,7)223,1 (3,0)

Fertility data from 2005 (DHS Program):[12]

RegionTotal fertility ratePercentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnantMean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
Santo Antão2.93.86.0
São Vicente2.03.44.0
São Nicolau3.34.44.2
Sal3.27.03.9
Boa Vista2.410.04.4
Maio2.61.74.3
Santiago3.15.44.5
Praia Urbano3.25.14.5
Santiago Norte2.76.24.3
Resto Santiago3.34.64.8
Fogo3.16.35.6
Brava2.87.05.0

Life expectancy

[edit]
PeriodLife expectancy in
Years[13]
1950–195548.08
1955–1960Increase 48.77
1960–1965Increase 49.45
1965–1970Increase 52.43
1970–1975Increase 55.25
1975–1980Increase 60.52
1980–1985Increase 62.37
1985–1990Increase 64.10
1990–1995Increase 65.73
1995–2000Increase 67.94
2000–2005Increase 71.27
2005–2010Increase 71.77
2010–2015Increase 72.14

Ethnic groups

[edit]

Genetics

[edit]

E1b1a, R1b

The predominance of West African mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in their maternal gene pool, the major West African Y-chromosome lineage E3a was observed only at a frequency of 15.9%. Overall, these results indicate that gene flow from multiple sources and sex-specific patterns have been important in the formation of the genomic diversity in the Cabo Verde islands.[14]

Languages

[edit]
Portuguese (official), Kriolu[15]

According to results from 2016, 72.8% of the population aged 12 or above could speak a language besides Kriolu, and the vast majority of them spoke Portuguese, the official language of the country and the language from colonial time. Ability to speak non-Kriolu languages also varied greatly by age, with younger generations being substantially more likely to speak a non-creole language.[16]

Percentage of population aged 12 or above by ability to speak various languages
Any non-creole languagesPortugueseEnglishFrenchSpanishItalian
Total 12+72.872.216.513.53.00.9
12-1484.884.78.57.00.00.1
15-2488.688.125.019.51.20.3
25-4479.878.820.515.84.31.6
45-6454.654.47.27.84.60.6
65 +26.426.32.64.51.81.1

Religion

[edit]
Main article: Religion in Cape Verde
Catholic 77.3%, Protestant 3.7% (includes Church of the Nazarene 1.7%, Adventist 1.5%, Universal Kingdom of God 0.4%, and God and Love 0.1%), other Christian 4.3% (includes Christian Rationalism 1.9%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Assembly of God 0.9%, and New Apostolic 0.5%), Islam 1.8%, Other 1.3%, None 10.8%, Unspecified 0.7% (2010 estimate)[15]

See also

[edit]
See also: List of Cape Verdeans, Cape Verdean American, and Cape Verdeans in the Netherlands

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Cape Verde: Population". Caperverde.com. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  2. ^ "Evolução da população residente em Cabo Verde por Ilha Concelho" (PDF). ine.cv.
  3. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  4. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950–2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  5. ^ a b "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  6. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  7. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  8. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
  9. ^ "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  10. ^ "Relatório Estatístico". 31 May 2023.
  11. ^ "Server Error". microdata.worldbank.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
  12. ^ "Inquérito Demográfico e de Saúde Reprodutiva (IDSR-II)" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  13. ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
  14. ^ Gonçalves, Rita; Alexandra Rosa; Ana Freitas; Ana Fernandes; Toomas Kivisild; Richard Villems; António Brehm (26 August 2003). "Y-chromosome lineages in Cabo Verde Islands witness the diverse geographic origin of its first male settlers". Human Genetics. 113 (6): 467–472. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-1007-4. hdl:10400.13/3047. PMID 12942365. S2CID 63381583.
  15. ^ a b "Africa :: CAPE VERDE". CIA The World Factbook. 14 April 2022.
  16. ^ Seminário sobre as Estatísticas da Cultura, Desporto e Lazer [Seminar about Culture, Sport and Leisure Statistics] (PDF) (Report) (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Estatística. 2016. Retrieved 2025-04-07.

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2026 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2008 edition.)

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Demographics of Cape Verde.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Cape_Verde&oldid=1329541204"

    Demographics of Cape Verde
    Population pyramid of Cape Verde in 2020
    Population596,707 (2022 est.)
    Growth rate1.21% (2022 est.)
    Birth rate18.49 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
    Death rate5.8 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
    Life expectancy73.75 years
     • male71.41 years
     • female76.15 years
    Fertility rate2.13 children born/woman (2022 est.)
    Infant mortality rate23.53 deaths/1,000 live births
    Net migration rate-0.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
    Age structure
    0–14 years27.95%
    65 and over5.48%
    Sex ratio
    Total0.95 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
    At birth1.03 male(s)/female
    Under 151.01 male(s)/female
    65 and over0.52 male(s)/female
    Nationality
    NationalityCabo Verdean or Cape Verdean
    Language
    OfficialPortuguese
    SpokenCape Verde Creole

    Demographic features of the population of Cape Verde include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

    Cape Verde has about 540,000 inhabitants. A large proportion (236,000) of Cape Verdeans live on the main island, Santiago.[1] Many more live abroad in the Cape Verdean diaspora in mainland Africa, Europe, U.S., Brazil, et cetera.

    The archipelago of Cape Verde was first discovered and claimed by Portuguese sailors working for the Portuguese Crown in 1456. Cape Verdeans are West African. Many foreigners from other parts of the world settled in Cape Verde as their permanent country.

    Two Cape Verdean children playing

    The difficulty of survival in a country with few natural resources has historically induced Cape Verdeans to emigrate. In fact, of the more than 1 million people of Cape Verdean ancestry in the world, only a little more than one-third actually live on the islands. Some 500,000 people of Cape Verdean ancestry live in the United States, mainly in New England. Many people of Cape Verdean ancestry also live in Portugal, Netherlands, France, Italy and Senegal. Cape Verdean populations also settled Spain, Germany, Canada, and other CPLP countries (Angola, Brazil and Guinea-Bissau). Since independence from Portugal in 1975, a number of Cape Verdean students have continued to be admitted every year to Portuguese high schools, polytechnical institutes and universities, through bilateral agreements between the Portuguese and Cape Verdean governments.

    Portuguese functions as a state language. Virtually all formal documents and official declarations are in Portuguese. But it is not the first language. Cape Verdean, commonly called Kriolu, is spoken as a mother tongue by virtually all Cape Verdeans, irrespective of social status or religious affiliation. Moreover, historical linguists often attribute Cape Verdean Creole as the oldest "New World" contact language. It is a "contact" language in the sense that it was born and evolved between linguistically different groups who, by necessity, had to create a common language to communicate with each other. There is a rich repertoire of literature and songs in Cape Verdean Creole. In religion, the majority of Cape Verdeans follow Catholic Christianity. There are some Protestants, Baháʼís and Muslims.

    Population

    Demographics of Cape Verde, Data of FAO, year 2005; Number of inhabitants in thousands.
    Census population
    YearPop.±% p.a.
    1940181,740—    
    1950149,984−1.90%
    1960199,902+2.91%
    1970270,999+3.09%
    1980295,703+0.88%
    1990341,491+1.45%
    2000431,989+2.38%
    2010491,875+1.31%
    2021491,233−0.01%
    Source: [2]

    According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects[3][4] the total population was 587,925 in 2021, compared to only 178,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 31.8%, 62.3% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 5.9% was 65 years or older.[5]

    Progression of the population
    YearTotalAges 0–14 (%)Ages 15–64 (%)Ages 65+ (%)
    1950178,00032.659.87.6
    1955195,00035.857.96.2
    1960211,00042.153.24.8
    1965240,00048.547.34.2
    1970274,00048.247.84
    1975311,00045.849.64.6
    1980300,00046.048.75.3
    1985328,00044.550.55
    1990348,00045.449.84.8
    1995395,00044.550.55
    2000437,00041.752.95.3
    2005473,00037.057.25.8
    2010496,00031.862.35.9
    Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 16.VI.2010):[6]
    Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
    Total243 403248 280491 683100
    0–425 13125 06950 20010.21
    5–925 16825 04050 20810.21
    10–1427 86427 36155 22511.23
    15–1929 65529 40559 06012.01
    20–2427 32725 57852 90510.76
    25–2923 33621 00544 3419.02
    30–3418 16516 33934 5047.02
    35–3914 10613 13027 2365.54
    40–4412 98813 30326 2915.35
    45–4911 34712 16523 5124.78
    50–548 1629 99918 1613.69
    55–594 9477 19612 1432.47
    60–642 6133 5806 1931.26
    65–692 4993 7166 2151.26
    70–743 4375 2298 6661.76
    75–792 9804 4537 4331.51
    80–842 0923 1855 2771.07
    85–898271 3582 1850.44
    90–943776961 0730.22
    95+1723254970.10
    Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
    0–1478 16377 470155 63331.65
    15–64152 646151 700304 34661.90
    65+12 38418 96231 3466.38
    Unknown2101483580.07
    Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Data refer to national projections.):[7]
    Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
    Total281 533275 324556 857100
    0–426 73925 52452 2649.39
    5–926 16224 97351 1359.18
    10–1425 26225 38950 6519.10
    15–1923 73423 48347 2188.48
    20–2423 95522 46146 4168.34
    25–2928 15926 01554 1739.73
    30–3428 60324 99553 5979.62
    35–3924 11120 48444 5958.01
    40–4418 73815 92334 6606.22
    45–4914 04312 78026 8224.82
    50–5412 28212 69324 9744.48
    55–5910 43711 55721 9943.95
    60–647 1259 22616 3512.94
    65–694 0806 40210 4821.88
    70–742 0502 9555 0060.90
    75–791 7222 7724 4940.81
    80–842 0373 4965 5330.99
    85–891 4432 3893 8330.69
    90–946821 2491 9310.35
    95+1705607300.13
    Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
    0–1478 16375 886154 04927.66
    15–64191 186179 615370 80166.59
    65+12 18419 82332 0075.75
    Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 16.VI.2021): [8]
    Age groupMaleFemaleTotal%
    Total246 363244 870491 233100
    0–423 11122 42945 5409.27
    5–923 53323 08646 6199.49
    10–1423 80922 77146 5809.48
    15–1921 90320 40142 3048.61
    20–2420 39118 15938 5507.85
    25–2922 48121 66544 1468.99
    30–3422 55221 68144 2339.00
    35–3919 21718 10537 3227.60
    40–4415 82014 25930 0796.12
    45–4912 26911 34723 6164.81
    50–5411 25711 22422 4814.58
    55–5910 00110 68220 6834.21
    60–647 5368 76516 3013.32
    65–694 4966 51011 0062.24
    70–742 3473 2795 6261.15
    75–791 6852 8424 5270.92
    80–841 8393 4045 2431.07
    85–891 2572 4733 7300.76
    90–946481 3161 9640.40
    95+2114726831.39
    Age groupMaleFemaleTotalPercent
    0–1470 45368 286138 73928.24
    15–64163 427156 288319 71565.08
    65+12 48320 29632 7796.67

    Vital statistics

    Vital events of Cape Verde are not (yet) available for recent years. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.[5]

    PeriodLive births per yearDeaths per yearNatural change per yearCBR*CDR*NC*TFR*IMR*
    1950–19559 0004 0005 00049.022.626.36.57139
    1955–196010 0004 0005 00048.021.126.96.76132
    1960–196510 0004 0006 00045.018.726.36.97125
    1965–197011 0004 0006 00041.416.425.06.97117
    1970–197512 0004 0008 00041.113.427.76.8696
    1975–198013 0004 0009 00041.611.630.06.6278
    1980–198513 0003 00010 00041.310.331.06.1065
    1985–199014 0003 00011 00040.99.231.75.6354
    1990–199514 0003 00011 00036.57.928.64.9344
    1995–200013 0003 00010 00031.66.724.94.1537
    2000–200512 0003 0009 00026.25.820.53.2828
    2005–201011 0003 0008 00021.95.216.72.6021
    * CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births; TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman)

    Registered births and deaths

    [9][10]

    YearPopulationLive birthsDeathsNatural increaseCrude birth rateCrude death rateRate of natural increaseTFR
    19483,756
    19493,9043,641263
    19505,3222,5622,760
    19517,3672,3774,990
    19527,6472,4555,192
    19537,5972,8664,731
    19548,6973,3055,392
    19558,5472,2206,327
    19568,3772,2006,177
    19578,2372,7905,447
    19589,0262,5526,474
    19599,6092,3827,227
    19608,9543,1275,827
    19618,3192,5435,776
    19628,9522,4526,500
    19639,6712,9966,675
    19649,7832,3157,468
    19659,6382,3777,261
    19669,6212,1677,454
    196710,1902,5937,597
    196810,1312,3977,734
    19699,6713,4526,219
    19709,3792,8836,496
    19719,4934,1475,346
    19728,9662,7796,187
    19738,4183,5134,905
    19748,4922,5765,916
    19758,2102,7965,414
    19769,8632,8696,994
    19779,9652,5647,401
    197810,0603,2076,853
    19798,2892,4695,820
    19809,6502,0807,570
    19818,580
    198211,0662,1698,897
    198311,4382,6498,789
    198411,6962,8638,833
    198511,2822,7358,547
    198612,636
    198712,771
    198812,443
    1989
    19909,6692,5057,164
    199112,2892,6169,673
    19929,6712,8436,828
    19932,821
    1994
    1995386,8133,5209.1
    1996393,4782,7156.9
    1997406,2673,0477.5
    1998413,38215,4602,81112,6496.8
    1999426,0612,8126.6
    2000436,82112,7462,43310,31329.25.623.64.00
    2001445,03512,5502,39610,15428.25.422.8
    2002452,19812,3452,3959,95027.35.322.0
    2003460,83712,1202,6009,52026.35.620.7
    2004468,85411,8622,5229,34025.35.419.9
    2005478,16311,5542,4239,13124.35.119.2
    2006487,1219,7652,6127,15320.75.415.32.443
    2007491,41910,4212,4847,93721.85.216.62.575
    2008499,79610,1652,6837,48221.05.515.52.429
    2009485,6779,9622,5837,37920.45.315.12.334
    2010477,85910,5682,3528,21622.14.917.22.535
    2011480,57710,7772,4888,28922.45.217.22.589
    2012483,28510,0502,6107,44020.85.415.42.419
    2013485,9969,8452,5187,32720.35.215.12.358
    2014488,7199,8682,5287,34020.25.215.02.356
    2015491,4369,7942,7617,03319.95.614.32.330
    2016493,4659,9802,5917,38920.25.314.92.389
    2017495,5229,9432,4977,44620.15.015.12.401
    2018497,5589,5512,8366,71519.25.713.52.327
    2019499,6099,2842,7716,51318.65.513.12.286
    2020501,6579,2112,9596,25218.45.912.52.280
    2021504,1258,6073,1785,42917.16.310.82.147
    2022506,5957,9813,0324,94915.86.09.82.008
    2023509,0786,7602,9253,83513.35.77.6
    2024511,534

    Demographic and Health Surveys

    Total fertility rate (TFR) (wanted fertility rate) and crude birth rate (CBR):[11]

    YearCBR (Total)TFR (Total)CBR (Urban)TFR (Urban)CBR (Rural)TFR (Rural)
    2005222,9 (2,8)232,7 (2,7)223,1 (3,0)

    Fertility data from 2005 (DHS Program):[12]

    RegionTotal fertility ratePercentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnantMean number of children ever born to women age 40–49
    Santo Antão2.93.86.0
    São Vicente2.03.44.0
    São Nicolau3.34.44.2
    Sal3.27.03.9
    Boa Vista2.410.04.4
    Maio2.61.74.3
    Santiago3.15.44.5
    Praia Urbano3.25.14.5
    Santiago Norte2.76.24.3
    Resto Santiago3.34.64.8
    Fogo3.16.35.6
    Brava2.87.05.0

    Life expectancy

    PeriodLife expectancy in
    Years[13]
    1950–195548.08
    1955–1960Increase 48.77
    1960–1965Increase 49.45
    1965–1970Increase 52.43
    1970–1975Increase 55.25
    1975–1980Increase 60.52
    1980–1985Increase 62.37
    1985–1990Increase 64.10
    1990–1995Increase 65.73
    1995–2000Increase 67.94
    2000–2005Increase 71.27
    2005–2010Increase 71.77
    2010–2015Increase 72.14

    Ethnic groups

    Genetics

    E1b1a, R1b

    The predominance of West African mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in their maternal gene pool, the major West African Y-chromosome lineage E3a was observed only at a frequency of 15.9%. Overall, these results indicate that gene flow from multiple sources and sex-specific patterns have been important in the formation of the genomic diversity in the Cabo Verde islands.[14]

    Languages

    Portuguese (official), Kriolu[15]

    According to results from 2016, 72.8% of the population aged 12 or above could speak a language besides Kriolu, and the vast majority of them spoke Portuguese, the official language of the country and the language from colonial time. Ability to speak non-Kriolu languages also varied greatly by age, with younger generations being substantially more likely to speak a non-creole language.[16]

    Percentage of population aged 12 or above by ability to speak various languages
    Any non-creole languagesPortugueseEnglishFrenchSpanishItalian
    Total 12+72.872.216.513.53.00.9
    12-1484.884.78.57.00.00.1
    15-2488.688.125.019.51.20.3
    25-4479.878.820.515.84.31.6
    45-6454.654.47.27.84.60.6
    65 +26.426.32.64.51.81.1

    Religion

    Catholic 77.3%, Protestant 3.7% (includes Church of the Nazarene 1.7%, Adventist 1.5%, Universal Kingdom of God 0.4%, and God and Love 0.1%), other Christian 4.3% (includes Christian Rationalism 1.9%, Jehovah's Witness 1%, Assembly of God 0.9%, and New Apostolic 0.5%), Islam 1.8%, Other 1.3%, None 10.8%, Unspecified 0.7% (2010 estimate)[15]

    See also

    References

    1. ^ "Cape Verde: Population". Caperverde.com. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
    2. ^ "Evolução da população residente em Cabo Verde por Ilha Concelho" (PDF). ine.cv.
    3. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
    4. ^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950–2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
    5. ^ a b "Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat, World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision". Esa.un.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
    6. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
    7. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
    8. ^ "UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics".
    9. ^ "United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
    10. ^ "Relatório Estatístico". 31 May 2023.
    11. ^ "Server Error". microdata.worldbank.org. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 3 October 2017.
    12. ^ "Inquérito Demográfico e de Saúde Reprodutiva (IDSR-II)" (PDF). Dhsprogram.com. 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
    13. ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
    14. ^ Gonçalves, Rita; Alexandra Rosa; Ana Freitas; Ana Fernandes; Toomas Kivisild; Richard Villems; António Brehm (26 August 2003). "Y-chromosome lineages in Cabo Verde Islands witness the diverse geographic origin of its first male settlers". Human Genetics. 113 (6): 467–472. doi:10.1007/s00439-003-1007-4. hdl:10400.13/3047. PMID 12942365. S2CID 63381583.
    15. ^ a b "Africa :: CAPE VERDE". CIA The World Factbook. 14 April 2022.
    16. ^ Seminário sobre as Estatísticas da Cultura, Desporto e Lazer [Seminar about Culture, Sport and Leisure Statistics] (PDF) (Report) (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Estatística. 2016. Retrieved 2025-04-07.

    Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2026 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2008 edition.)

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